Engineering and Construction Essays

Compressor fouling and its limitations are the most predominant area that heavily influences gas turbine deterioration. Also, fouling on the axial flow compressors results in catastrophic effects in the operation of gas turbines. Besides, compressor fouling results in a drop in airflow and the compressor isentropic efficiency.

The in-cylinder insulation will assist in keeping the heat energy in the gas exhaust to be recovered by turbo compounding and turbocharging. This engine that will be also referred to as the little heat rejection engine will be more efficient, robust and reliable (Chen and Dong 378). The underway goal is to improve the existing engine by 30% from the levels that were initially started in 1982.

Any variation will mean increased costs, reduced customer confidence, and missed deliveries. (John Mapes, 2000) Any variation identified should be eliminated effectively as the defect will be against the quality and performance of the company. The key manufacturing success indicators are cost, delivery, flexibility, and quality. (Miller, 2014)

A good leader should possess the quality of being an honest, ethical, and reliable person. He/ she should have good communication skills so that he or she can handle conflicts among the team members. The management is considered the heart of organizations. So if the management is corrupted, the whole system fails (Boatright, 2008).

A portable ramp should be made available to the disabled to assist them to board the train from the platform. New dining carriages designed to provide wheelchair access and accommodation. Guide and assistive dogs are used to guide the disabled to their point of need. A space of 1500 mm is required between the edge of auxiliary facilities on board trains or platforms and wheelchair to allow movement.

The author points out that it’s achieved when an RLC circuit is arranged in series and at a point when the magnitude of inductive reactance and capacitive reactance is equal.This experiment was done with the aim of obtaining the resonant frequency and the half-power frequencies of a series RLC circuit.

Workplace safety majorly refers to the safety of the health of the employees when they are at work. In many countries, there is a well-defined standard regarding the safety of the workplace and the employees which have to be met. There should be various programs that should be performed in order to ensure workplace safety and safety of the health of the employees.

The usage of fossil fuels gives rise to building up carbon dioxide in the air. Unfortunately, the current state of technology does not allow capturing carbon in the atmosphere on a large scale. Modern estimates suggest that irreversible climate changes are likely to occur if the concentration of this gas in the atmosphere will keep increasing.

The laboratory experiment was successful in the objective to measure the characteristics of the 74 series logic families. There was a very little gap between the experimental measurements and the specifications of the manufacturer. The lab exercise applied a different manufacturing method to integrate transistors and high-value resistors for minimizing the consumption of power in the 74 Series.

6. One of the employers' responsibilities is to assess the workplace and determine what hazards are present or are likely to be present, which necessitate the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). The employer is also responsible for providing training to each employee who is required to use PPE. List the five minimum details about the PPE the employee shall learn during the PPE training.

It normally receives radio frequencies and then converts the selected carrier frequency and the bandwidth associated with it into a fixed frequency that is best suitable for further processing mainly because a lower frequency is used on the output (Bertrand, 2002). The least complicated tuner is comprised of an inductor and capacitors.

Arauco is a fully integrated company whose growth was brought by acquisition and mergers of related companies that eventually grew its base to be known as one of the top pulp and wood manufacturers in Brazil.  It has four mills in 3 regions of Chile, with a total production capacity of 1,223,000  metric tons. 

Urban renewal is a sort of a redevelopment project that is undertaken in those areas with a density of moderate to high use of urban land. The aim of this paper is to describe in detail a local project of Los Angeles regarding urban renewal and to explain the reasons and possible effects it had on various segments of society.

The Chinese laborers who were responsible for the construction of the major part of the Central Pacific Railroad in hard geographical conditions, an alien environment characterized by segregation from white Irish workers and harsh environmental conditions should be remembered. This is because they did the hardest jobs including blasting of hard granitic rocks, working day and night.

Resources such as petroleum are normally prone to leakages and if their extent is not monitored, the results can be very fatal. Hyperspectral remote sensing can therefore be employed in monitoring the activities in these pipelines. Utility companies can obtain valuable information from digitally captured orthorectified images which they can use for planning, implementation and support of disaster efforts

Financial control was a major part of the program. If we controlled what was accessible and at what time then we had the chance to own the progress of the project. The second aspect of the program was deciding on the people who were to be allocated to various positions so as to supervise or oversee the progress of the project.

The managerial team on the Gherkin building in London is supposed to do certain things to ensure that safe evacuation is possible in case of emergencies. They should ensure that all fire exits are not locked up and the doorways, antechambers, and the flight of steps are not blocked in any way either.

To begin with, the chosen site for the construction of the building should be a hill-side loping. This would ensure sufficient lighting of the ground floor and the entire basement. The foundation layout to be adopted for the building is a deep foundation type. The chosen type of foundation has a profound load-bearing layer.

After the excavation process was completed, the next step was placing reinforcements in their correct positions. The center lines were very useful in the placing of reinforcements and were interpreted from the design. The design was however based on the loads and thus the correct size of reinforcement and their positions were determined.

The goal of greenhouse practices is to lessen the effects of the built environment on both human health and the natural environment. This is done by allocating the resources effectively, reduction of both waste and pollution as well as protecting the health of the occupant. The principles consist of, preliminary considerations, rating tools, site characteristics as well as passive design.

In classifying buildings, the BCA follows the single or multiple criteria on the basis of the usage, occupancy so as to manage the safety and standardization of the building industry referring to the Australian standards (AS), and other related legislations controlling the building industry in the respective states and territories.

The authorities will review the construction plans in order to make sure that they comply with each and every applicable regulation. The construction permit will make sure that the building meets all building standards. This is very important since the construction permit will protect the interest of the company’s construction and also the interests of the community at large.

The implementation team intends to put up a structure of approximately 3700 square meters to serve a wide range of functions such as a 25 m training pool, 1250 square meters gymnasium, and aerobic studio. Similarly, the gross floor area of the proposed facility should be further subdivided to cater to the usable floor area of approximately 2830 square meters in size.

The techniques provide design approaches that help in controlling the natural water cycle in the urban design thus minimize the environmental degradation experienced. Awareness is, therefore, necessary and is being done throughout Australia and its environs, to help increase the use of the techniques that are necessary to ensure that storm runoff is managed to avoid possible challenges.

In analyzing the requirements, other considerations include the appropriateness of the methodology employed, identification of hazards and harms, evaluation of risks, identification and prioritization of appropriate controls. Furthermore, discussions on the evaluation of the effectiveness of the processes towards advancing safe and healthy working conditions.

This study focuses on establishing the major causes of fires in relation to the design of the buildings; the focus, in this case, will be to establish the major smoke leakage, thermal investigations as well as integrity condition.  Smoke leakage is usually the failure of an important element responsible for preventing gases or smoke from passing from one side to another side of the other.

Based on other airports in Gulf, there offer distinct settings; for instance, Dubai has the ability to house approximately 48 million travelers these days, and by 2020 it intends to surpass Heathrow by 98 million, whereas Doha is aiming to draw at least 36million travelers in the same period (Harrington-Snell, 2013). 

In the UK, there have been a series of innovations by builders in exploring alternative construction methods and materials. The reasons for such innovations include but not limited to the finished look, ease of manual handling of materials, the eco-credentials, ability to source materials as well as the availability of contractors and experts.

BIM has been confirmed to work as a digital database. This is due to its high capabilities that are made up of comprehensive building information, work simulation, 3D visualization, and a schedule control characteristic (Chang, 2002). Past studies have shown strong potentials and enhanced efficiency in integrated BIM while evaluating the carbon emission during construction (Mah, 2012).

The project managers are mostly focused on maximizing productivity without the necessary consideration of the safety and health implications (Lee, et al, 2009). For the new construction site to ensure health and safety there is the need for the project managers to put into account the safety and health issues during the designing phase. 

The volatility of the product is also an important factor, but this must be considered in the context of the temperature at which it will be used. So if you are pouring a solvent from one open container to another at a temperature below its flashpoint, there should be no hazardous area, because too little vapor is present.

Generally, falsework or temporary structures are used to supported arched or spanning structures for a period that will enable the building to sufficient support itself. Temporary and falsework played an important role throughout the construction of the building. The sketches show how the bridge and other pillars were supported by the temporary/falsework, especially over the bridge.

A hygroscopic material is considered as a material that is capable of adsorbing or absorbing water molecules from the relative humidity or moisture within the dominating environment. This occurs when the macro and microcapillaries exert pressure on vapor thereby creating a difference that is worth being eliminated. 

Civil engineering applies scientific and mathematical concepts in solving humans’ problems and improving quality of life. In practice, it addresses all concerns that affect construction, sustainability, efficiency, and safety of human projects like roads, bridges, ports, settlements, irrigation schemes, ships, and spacecraft.

It is, therefore, necessary to establish another alternative route that can provide a similar safe passage. The existing unprotected stairs can be enhanced by constructing fire-resisting walls around the stairs. Each side of the wall will have self-closing fire-rated doors to ensure that escaping people from the third to ground floor or from the basement to the ground floor is protected.

Most organizations fail to adapt and respond to the changing environment of the construction industry and the experience with regard to the industry’s survival challenges. Contractors now need to be capable to continuously improve their performances on the basis of environmental awareness, user requirements limited resources, and high competition.

BBC reported that construction workers have a six times more chance to get killed as compared to any other employee as determined by a government agency. In spite of many health and safety measures, the industry still remains dangerous. The construction process of a four-storey car park in front of the foster building involves a crane and at least 150 workers to work on the project.

Hospitals confirmed at least seventy-nine people were injured in the bridge collapse. In addition, the catastrophic collapse of the I-35W bridge across the Mississippi River created colossal congestion that clearly showed the importance of the Interstate highway system. The presence of hazardous materials at the scene was another concern that had to be deal with. 

The author of the paper states that the building should be equipped with fire detectors that should satisfy British Standards BS 5839-6:2004 at least a Grade D category LD3 standard (Crown 2007:17). The smoke and heat detectors should conform to BS 5446-1:2000 for the smoke detectors and BS 5446-2:2003 for the heat detectors.

Building and construction structures for fire protection are the insulation materials, coatings, they are the structures used to prevent or even hindrance to fire-induced heat rise in structural members. Among some of the forms the fire protection materials come in as typical spray-applied fire-resistive materials, intumescing/mastic coatings not forgetting the concrete and masonry gypsum board.

The report investigates the construction material used along with the designs for fire safety taking into consideration practical, environmental, and economic constraints on the building. It also seeks to appraise the need to control smoke movement in this building and making a decision with regards to the extinguishing agents that should be used.

Burj Dubai has 141 floors as of March 2009, but the title of the world's tallest building is still held by Taipei 101 Tower because international architectural standards consider a building as a structure that has the potential of being fully occupied. Burj Dubai will claim the title when it will be completed in September 2009 if its construction goes by schedule (Bhadeshia, 2005).

The report gave an overview of findings and actions that should be taken to rectify health and safety issues observed in the workplace. These are issues observed concerning exit doors, warning & safety signs, various trip hazards, improper waste management, unsafe working practices, insufficient and unsafe working space, and hazardous chemical storage.

The thermal explosion is therefore minimal in cold-walled vessels and especially the vessels that are fitted with ice as an insulating material especially because the walls act as an insulating material which reduces thermal conductivity (James G. Quintiere, R. L. Alpert, R. A. Altenkirch, 1983). The cold walls of the vessel prevent the leakage of heat from the surrounding into the cold walls.

This report is a thorough review of issues related to the means of escape of an academic building. It examines the building design to provide critical, analytical, discursive, and remedial views of its means of escape such that the proposed solutions satisfy the functional requirements included in the Building Regulations of 2000.

There are many people who would like to be live in the neighborhood, and the house itself. The present value is $3,000,000. This is the amount an investor would purchase the house. One has an option of either selling or invest in the house. Renting out the house is the better option, considering it is a long-term profit-generating investment. 

Although many governments and other investors in the Middle East have abandoned most of the traditional methods of water provision in arid and semi-arid regions for more modern but less sustainable methods, there is evidence of the existence of some of the traditional water harvesting and management methods in many parts of Iran. 

The higher density and mass of concrete-framed buildings and structures make it serve appropriately when it comes to insulation. A building or structure with concrete frame construction has the capability of retaining heat as well as cold in comparison to buildings and structures with wood-framed construction.

Socially, improved economic activities and more resources will indeed improve the lives of the people. Not only are social resources expected to increase but also be better.  Given that people will be able to move from one place to another, other industries and social activities related to people interaction will also be on the increase.

The risks posed in the paper depend on factors such as the site of construction, the materials used, the working practices, and the cleanness of the personnel involved.  For instance, in the presented case, a two-story house is supposed to be constructed on a site that is facing a primary school on the main road.  Moreover, telephone and electricity lines are overhead this construction site.